New mothers and mothers-to-be do so much to prepare for their babies. They design nurseries, stock up on diapers, dream up names, and research the best pumping tools and formula brands. Hormonal change, however, can sometimes be the thing women are least prepared for, especially when it comes to perinatal health. 

Women’s hormones change a lot, especially in the weeks leading up to and following giving birth. Estrogen and progesterone (two of the hormones you’re probably most familiar with) increase during pregnancy. These quick increases in hormone levels can actually be the cause for early pregnancy symptoms, like nausea. 

Once having a baby, hormones can change rapidly again. This can lead to mood changes. Often referred to as “the baby blues,” up to 85% of new mothers experience these severe mood changes in the first couple weeks after birth (according to Johns Hopkins Medicine).

These hormonal changes are normal. But, these changes can also lead to worsened symptoms and conditions, like postpartum anxiety and depression. If these symptoms persist more than a couple weeks after giving birth, they could lead to perinatal mood and anxiety disorders.

How do we recognize the signs of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs)? Here are some common symptoms to look for:

• Easily irritated or frustrated
• Loss of interest in hobbies or other activities
• Persistent sadness or anxiety
• Fatigue or decreased energy
• Feeling guilty or worthless
• Difficulty sleeping
• Loss of or changes in appetite 

Conditions like depression, anxiety and other mood disorders can present themselves differently for various people. It’s important to recognize that not everyone’s cases will look the same, and to ask for help if you notice you aren’t feeling quite like yourself persistently.

When should you seek help?

It’s best to seek help early. If you or someone you know is experiencing any of the symptoms mentioned above (or any other symptoms not mentioned), you should talk to your healthcare provider. Be honest about what you’re experiencing. 

There are various types of help available, including therapy, medication, support groups and more. Different people respond differently to varying forms of treatment. It’s important to be honest with your healthcare provider about what may or may not be working for you.

Many women are unprepared for the changes that come with giving birth, including hormonal changes. And that’s normal, whether you’re having your first baby or your fifth baby. Each perinatal experience is unique. It’s ok – and good – to seek help, so you and your baby can receive the best care possible.